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Clearview (typeface)
Clearview, also known as Clearview Hwy, is the name of a humanist sans-serif typeface family for guide signs on roads in the United States. It was developed by independent researchers with the help of the Texas Transportation Institute and the Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, under the supervision of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). It was once expected to replace the FHWA typefaces in many applications, although newer studies of its effectiveness have called its benefits into question.〔
Testing found Clearview was two to eight percent more legible in daytime and nighttime viewing than the then-dominant Series E (Modified) on overhead signs, particularly benefiting older drivers, with a six percent increase in legibility distance.〔 A design goal of Clearview was the reduction of irradiation effects of retroreflective sign materials. The same reduction in nighttime overglow or haloing that benefits legibility for humans is expected to result in improved recognition rates for computer road sign detection.
==History==
The standard FHWA typefaces, developed in the 1940s, were designed to work with a system of highway signs in which almost all words are capitalized. The designers of Clearview sought to create a typeface adapted for mixed-case signage, initially expecting it would be based on an existing European sans-serif typeface.〔Meeker and Associates / Terminal Design, Inc. (ClearviewHWY Research & Design Development ). Retrieved on 15 April 2007.〕 Instead, using a similar weight to the FHWA fonts, a new font was created from scratch. Two key differences are much larger counter spaces, the enclosed spaces in letters like the lower case "e" or "a", and a higher x-height, the relative height of the lower case "x" to the upper case "X". Smaller counter spaces in the FHWA fonts reduced legibility, particularly when the letters glowed from headlight illumination at night. The typeface's general appearance resembles the design of the Transport typeface family, designed by Jock Kinneir and Margaret Calvert in 1957–63 for the British highway sign system.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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